Background paper / Centres of Excellence? Questions of Capacity for Innovation, Sustainability, Development

By Melissa Leach and Linda Waldman This paper explores what ‘mainstream’ Centres of Excellence might mean for developing countries and poor people.

UN Resolution on the Use of S&T for Human Rights and Freedoms

UN Commission on Human Rights adopts Resolution on the Use of Scientific and Technological Developments for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

UN Declaration: New International Economic Order

UN Declaration for the Establishment of a New International Economic Order (NIEO)
The NIEO was a set of proposals put forward during the 1970s by developing countries through the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) to promote greater equity in international economic cooperation by reforming the terms of trade, increasing development assistance, reducing developed-country tariffs, and other means.

United Nations Second Development Decade

In the 1960s, ‘development’ strategies emphasised economic growth targets and technical ‘fixes’. Though some countries had achieved target growth rates over that decade, by 1970 there was an acknowledgement that problems of poverty, unemployment, hunger and health had not eased as a result, and so the emphasis shifted toward interest in distribution and equity.